Exhaust-valve mechanism.



Patenten 'may 2,1, |901.

jup. 674,397.;

(mi Modell.)

m. l674,5397'. Y Pie'ntedmayl, mol.' y A. s. ma BouvANn.

EXHAUST VALVE MECHANISM 1 v (Applicgz'ion med occ. ze, 1900. p (No Model.)l I

l2 sheets-Sneek 2.

l UNITED STATES iam-mu SIT-VALVE M Eo HANlsM a i gsrncrsrckron'forming part o f Letters Patent 110.674,39?, dated traa-1 ioigf Application aiea'ooabar 26.1900. serial No. 34,401. (No man.; if?

' Toja/ZL whom it may concern Be it known that I, ANDR BONNARD DE BOUVAN'D, clerk, lof 19 Rue de Provence, in

the city of Paris, Republic of France, have 5 invented an Improved Exhaust-Valve Mechanism' for Gas-Engines, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact, description.

This invention relates to an improved mof' tor worked by oil, gas, or other hydrocarbons'- io with a cycle-of four phases,- or, in other words, to' a motorlin'which anexplosion takes place at everyftwo revolutions of the crank.

This yinvention -will be better' understood "in the following specification with reference '15 to 'the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a theoretical View of the cycle at the second'revolution of the crank. Fig. /2.is another theoretical View o f the cycle/at the' second revolution of the crank/Fig. 3 shows zo in Vvertical section a. motor constructed ac- Figs. 4 and-5 show cording to my invention. in vertical section two modifications of my improved motor.

In the several figures the saine characters z5 of reference denote like parts.

As slown in Fig. l 'of the drawings, the

y cycle upon which the operation of my motor is based is'the following: 'In th'eirst revolution, the piston being at the top of its stroke at 1,- an explosion rst takes place, followed by the expansion of the gases during the whole stroke of said pistou, the latter coming down' from 1 to 2. Then the piston'returns from 2 to 3 and half the burned gases 35 are driven back through the valve a, operated by a cam b, and escape through channels'c and d. The piston being in 3 at halfway of its upward stroke, the valve ais closed.

The piston goes farther up from 3 to 1, where' '1o it reaches the end of its stroke, by compressing to five atmospheres, forfins'tance, the re maining half of the burned gases. Said compression -being the essential feature of the cycle may be called negative. In the sec- 45 ond revolution the piston being atthe top of. its stroke comes back downto half the stroke, which causes an expansion to .take place for bringing thegas t'o the atmospheric pressure; but as vacuum is being made with' in the cylinder from l to 2 the valve e opens 5 .v v and the piston sucks during the other half of l PATENT ,-2.

' ANDR Bouman DEnoUVAND, oir-"PARIS,FRANon;

its stroke the explosive mi i t| 1re, lillingL the body ofthe cylinder, while, the bu'l'jnedgases follow 'the piston by occupyingthel wer part' of the cylinder. It willthusbdmarked'that. at the end of the downward strokegof the ton inB, Fig. 3, the content offfha ldei consists of two quite distirictlayeis; the up#l per part comprising the fresh .gases andthe lower part. containing, the burned -gase`s .It 6o will also be seen that the jvolumeo gases sucked fequals that yofthe gases are driven back from 2to3`atthe iifst lution. 'Ilhe piston being at 14t l ef` en d downward stroke at comesfup back gjb, at 65 the same time the valve d opensdufng half of theupward stroke of the pistonup'to 4,;as`iri i the lirst revolution, andthe layerof there- 'maining burned gases isgexhatlfst'edil This' f our phases,'or in a motor in lwhich alfll'exp'lo'f sion takes place at everyl ,two revolutions; The piston going farther upfrorn 4' tol, the valve a closes and the fresh gasesarefcbiiil pressed to five atmospheres Withinhth'e body 75 of the cylinder. The pist-on being at the top of its stroke in 1, the explosion takes place and the cycle is started yonce. more. It will be noted that in this. cycle Athere areseven phases and also that the two active and nega- 8oV tive compressions'have the same value. By means of said cycle I may at will entirely exhaust the burned gases or keep'the same.

For instance, if thel stroke ofthe piston equals one hundred and twenty'millimeters and if 85 the compression chamber has twenty millimeters that gives-alegth of one hund red and forty millimeters to the cylinder. When the piston is coming dow'mif the exhaust closes at seventy millimeters the suction will also be of 9o seventy millimeters. L,The displaced velu mes being equal, the burned gases will then be exf 'hausted in this case.

-at h' uponA the piston z'.

is more active, but the expansion is less considerable." When the burned gases are only partly exhausted, the power diminishes, but the expansion is prolonged.

There must be noted that the piston-valve mayserve for the suction and'that the inletval ve operated in this case by a gear connected to the .motor-shaft may serve for the eX- haust. The cycle would be effected inf-the ksame manner, the order in which the gas layers-arearranged being only inverted.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings I have shown the cam b as being arranged upon the crank f of the main shaft, such cam acting upon a rod g, located in the con nectin g-rod h and pivoted The rod g pushes in its turn the4 rodj of valve a when the same is required to be raised. A spiral spring 7.: draws'back the valve ct upon its seat, anda spiral spring l maintains the' rod g in contact with the cam b.

In Fig. 4 of the drawings the outlet-valve a is located on the side of the cylinder.

In Fig. 5 of the drawings the inlet-valve e comesdown' Within the cylinder and the piston-head is provided with a recess, in which it engages at the end of the stroke.

It must be noted that in the motors with a cycle of four phases, or'providingan explosion at every,l two rev olntions,. the outlet valve opens at every two revolutions during half ol` the backward stroke of the piston, thus avoiding every demultiplication (lue to gearings or the like.

vThe forms, details, accessories, materials,

and sizes of niy improved motor may of @ou rse vary without departii'ig from the principle ol' my invention. I can also build motors with two, three, or four cylinders, balanced or not.

I claim- .1. Thecombination with acylnder and piston, and 'crank and crank-pin, of a pitnlan having one end sleeved on said pin and its opposite end pvoted t'o the piston, a valve in said piston and means working longitudinally of the axis of said piston-rod for opening said valve, substantially as described.

2. The combination with the cylinder, piston, crank and crank-pin, of a piston-rod pivoted at one end to the piston and sleeved on said crankpina rod working axially of said rod, a cam on said pin coacting with said rod, a valve in the piston and a stein on the valve coacting with said axially-working rod, substantially as described.

3. The combination with a cylinder, piston, crank and crank-pin, a pistou-rod sleeved on saidvpin, a spring-pressed rod working; axially of the rod, a cam' on the crank-pin coacting therewith, a valve in said piston, a spring for holding the same seat-ed, a stem carried by said valve coacting with the Vaxiall` y "arranged rod, and a pivotal oonnection'hetween the piston and piston-rod providing a guide for the ooacting ends of the valve-stem and axially arranged rod, substantially as described.

The foregoing specification of my improved oil-motor signed by me this ltlrday of October, 1900.

4 ANDR BONNARD' DE BOUVAND.l Witnesses:

EDWARD P. MACLEAN, MAURICE H.Y'P1GNET. 

